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{{Short description|WWII-era German aircraft machine gun}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = MG 17 machine gun
| image = MG 17.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption = .
| origin = [[Nazi Germany]]
| type = Aircraft machine-gun
| is_ranged = yes
| service =
| used_by = [[Nazi Germany]]
| wars = [[World War II]]
| designer =
| design_date = 1934
| manufacturer = [[Rheinmetall-Borsig]]
| unit_cost =
| production_date = 1934-1944
| number = At least 24,271 (including those modified for infantry use)
| variants = Modular design
| weight = {{convert|10.2|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|1175|mm|in|abbr=on}}
| part_length = {{convert|600|mm|in|abbr=on}}
| cartridge = [[7.92×57mm Mauser]]
| caliber = [[8mm caliber|7,9 (7,92<small>+0,04</small>)]]
| action = [[Recoil operation|Recoil operated]], firing from [[closed bolt]]
| rate = 1,200 rpm
| velocity = from {{convert|885|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}} (Phosphor "B" round ) to {{convert|905|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}} (Armor Piercing Tracer "SmK L'spur" round)
| range =
| max_range =
| feed = 500-round belt
| sights = Various types
}}

The '''MG 17''' was a 7.92 mm [[machine gun]] produced by [[Rheinmetall-Borsig]] for use at fixed mountings in many [[World War II]] [[Luftwaffe]] aircraft, typically as forward-firing offensive armament. The MG 17 was based on the older [[MG 30]] [[light machine gun]], as was its defensive [[Weapon mount|flexible-mount]] counterpart, the [[MG 15]] machine gun.

== History ==
A mainstay fixed machine gun in German-built aircraft (many of which were sold to other countries) well before World War II, by 1940 it was starting to be replaced with heavier-caliber machine gun and cannons. By 1945 very few if any aircraft mounted the MG 17.

The MG 17 was installed in the [[Messerschmitt Bf 109]], [[Messerschmitt Bf 110]], [[Focke-Wulf Fw 190]], [[Junkers Ju 87]], [[Junkers Ju 88|Junkers Ju 88C Nightfighter]], [[Heinkel He 111]], [[Dornier Do 17| Dornier Do 17/215 Nightfighter]], [[Focke-Wulf Fw 189]] and many other aircraft. Many MG 17s were later modified for infantry use, as the Luftwaffe replaced them with the heavier-calibre [[MG 131]], which replaced both the [[MG 15]] in bomber defense applications and the MG 17 as the standard fighter's forward-firing offensive armament (unless the machine guns were replaced by autocannons, such as the MG 151/20, altogether). Official numbers of conversions was about 24,271 by January 1, 1944, although additional conversions may have been done as well.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geocities.com/Augusta/8172/panzerfaust5.htm |title=Machine Guns - Maschinengewehre |website=geocities.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027135418/http://geocities.com/Augusta/8172/panzerfaust5.htm |archive-date=27 October 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Modifications to the design included removal of the buttstock, switching from [[Magazine (firearms)|magazine]] to [[Belt (firearms)|belt-fed]] ammunition, and from [[Open bolt|open-bolt operation]] to [[Closed bolt|closed bolt operation]], to allow it to be installed in [[Synchronization gear|synchronized]] applications, firing through the propeller arc. The MG 15 retained open bolt operation, but used 75 round saddle-type drum magazines, and likewise lost its buttstock, to fit better in the tight confines of an aircraft. The [[MG 30]] was also the basis for the famed [[MG 34]] and [[MG 42]] designs; [[Rheinmetall MG 3|variants of the latter]] are still in service in certain areas.

==Specifications==
*Calibre: 7.9 +/- .04 mm
*Cartridge: [[7.92×57mm Mauser|7.92×57mm IS]]
*Round weight: 35.5 grams (cartridge 24 grams, bullet 11.5 grams)
*Muzzle velocity: from 885 m/s (Phosphor "B" round ) to 905 m/s (Armor Piercing Tracer "SmK L'spur" round)
*Rate of fire: 1200 rpm
Dimensions
*Length: 1175 mm
*Weight: 10.2 kg
*Action: Recoil
*Feed system: Belt magazine
*Sights Remotely located, various types

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[[M1919 Browning machine gun|Browning M1919]]
*[[Vickers K machine gun|Vickers VGO]]
*[[Lewis gun]]/[[Type 92 machine gun]]
*[[Type 98/Type 1 machine gun|Type 1/Type 98 machine gun]] (MG 15)
*[[Type 89 machine gun]]
*[[List of firearms]]
*[[List of secondary and special-issue World War II infantry weapons|List of uncommon World War II weapons]]
{{WWIIGermanInfWeapons}}
{{WWIIGermanAerialWeapons}}

[[Category:Aircraft guns|MG 017 machine gun]]
[[Category:7.92×57mm Mauser machine guns]]
[[Category:World War II infantry weapons of Germany]]
[[Category:World War II machine guns]]
[[Category:Machine guns of Germany]]
[[Category:Rheinmetall]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s]]

MG 17 machine gun - Bewerkingsoverzicht

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